WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
Currently, AI (or AI, from English Artificial Intelligence) is present in several aspects of our society, from online product recommendations to medical diagnoses, significantly changing our lifestyle and work. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that deals with creating intelligent machines that can perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception programs, chatbots, voice recognition, decision-making and language translation. AI is currently being used across a wide range of sectors, including healthcare, human resources, finance, transportation and manufacturing.
Advances in AI, data science and machine learning algorithms have led to the development of technologies such as self-driving cars, digital assistants, AI robots and medical diagnostic tools. Tools like ChatGPT are used in school and university work; virtual assistants, such as Alexa, Siri and Google Assistant, answering common questions and helping with small everyday activities, such as making a shopping list; apps that show what people will look like when they get older. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly present in everyday life and is applied in different sectors and areas of knowledge so that its presence is often barely noticed. “Tomorrow is promising and Artificial Intelligence will be as fundamental as the creation of the microprocessor, the personal computer, the internet and the cell phone”, said Microsoft founder, Bill Gates, in a text entitled “The era of AI has begun”, published on his personal blog in March 2023.
3 POSITIVE POINTS REGARDING AI
Increased efficiency and productivity across industries: AI-powered program can automate repetitive work, allowing employees to focus on more complex and creative work. This can lead to greater productivity, greater accuracy, fewer human errors and reduced costs. Improved decision-making and problem-solving capabilities: AI can analyze large amounts of data and make predictions, providing insights that humans would otherwise be unable to identify. This can lead to better decision-making and problem-solving in areas such as finance, marketing and healthcare. Ability to perform tasks too dangerous or difficult for humans: AI can perform tasks too dangerous or difficult for humans, such as exploring deep space, handling hazardous materials, and searching for survivors in disaster zones. Efficient in drug development tests. In education, companies are already studying the possibility of developing personalized teaching programs according to the profile of each student. 3 NEGATIVE POINTS REGARDING AI: Job displacement and unemployment: Automation through AI can lead to job displacement and unemployment, especially in industries where repetitive tasks can be easily automated. This can have significant economic and social consequences, such as increased inequalities. Potential for misuse and abuse: AI can be used for malicious purposes, such as hacking, cyberattacks and surveillance. There is also the possibility that AI could be used to create fake news, deepfake videos and other forms of misinformation and make mistakes.
Dependence on technology and lack of human intervention: Another disadvantage of AI is the fact that it can make decisions without human intervention, which can lead to a lack of responsibility and understanding of how these decisions are made. Furthermore, a heavy reliance on AI technology can lead to a lack of critical thinking and decision-making ability in humans.
DATA 1: After the arrival of new artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, many people have observed this innovation with admiration and concern. In the case of Brazil, half of Brazilians are afraid of losing their jobs to AI. This is what the third edition of the “Artificial Intelligence Monitor 2024” survey, published by the Ipsos institute, published at the beginning of June, reveals. To understand the extent of the concern, Brazil is among the 10 countries most concerned about AI, with the average overall above 36%, with Generation Z (born from 1995 onwards) and millennials (born between 1980 and 1995) being among the most fearful groups. In the country, Ipsos interviewed a thousand Brazilians, aged between 18 and 74, on April 19th and May 3rd.
DATA 2: IBM, a company focused on information technology, announced in May that it is considering reducing administrative jobs by 30% over the next five years with the use of AI — equivalent to around 26,000 employees.
However, the same study also indicates that new jobs should emerge and that technologies can facilitate tasks and help increase productivity. Resources such as ChatGPT, a type of generative artificial intelligence, that is, which uses algorithms and texts available in a database to create new content based on instructions or questions, can be used to advance more bureaucratic or automatic processes and allow people have more spare time for tasks that require greater creative and critical thinking.
DATA 3:
The Brazilian government will use artificial intelligence to try to reduce the fiscal impact of legal losses. The Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva government contracted services from Microsoft and OpenAI, creator of ChatGPT, which will be used by the Attorney General's Office (AGU) to accelerate the analysis of thousands of legal actions using artificial intelligence, focusing on topics that generate fiscal impact. One of the axes of the project provides for greater efficiency in the screening of actions so that, according to the AGU, it can identify the characteristics of each process more quickly and allow the government's legal areas to receive suggestions for models and theses that can be used in courts. The robotic application will also produce statistics and analyzes on the collection of processes to enable “strategic action for defense and the proposition of agreements, especially on topics with the greatest fiscal impact”, according to the agency. In a third axis, the tool will assist AGU members and employees in summarizing documents and even producing statements to be presented in the processing of court cases.
DATA 4:
China will open the world's first hospital with robot care: The hospital will be equipped with robotic doctors, capable of treating up to 3,000 patients per day, which can surpass human capacity. This is due to the integration of large medical language models with artificial intelligence technology, allowing disease diagnosis with an accuracy greater than 93%. To ensure the safety and reliability of the system, the hospital will have a team of 14 doctors and four human nurses, who will supervise the work of artificial intelligence and intervene when necessary. Thanks to its simulated environment and autonomous evolution capabilities, AI doctors will be able to treat up to 10,000 patients in days. For comparative purposes, it would take at least two years for human doctors to reach the same numbers.By covering the main respiratory diseases, virtual medical professionals were able to simulate the entire process of diagnosing and treating patients. This included consultation, examination, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up processes. AI REGULATION:
AI, as a simulation of human intelligence, has the potential to revolutionize industries and improve our lives in many ways, but it also carries significant risks and challenges. It is crucial that we responsibly develop and implement AI technology to ensure it is used ethically, transparently and benefits all members of society. The development and implementation of AI technology is an ongoing process that requires ongoing research and debate to ensure it is used to improve society. This includes developing regulations and guidelines to govern the use of AI. When a new technology emerges and begins to have an impact on society, governments begin to mobilize to create certain rules of use and regulation. Think, for example, of social media. Even though already widespread, debates still arise today about the limits that should be imposed, whether in favor of user privacy, data security or even to avoid interference in elections — as already happened in 2016, for example, in Donald Trump's elections to the US presidency.
The European Union has been a pioneer in regulating AIs and has already started moving to establish rules — the first in the world — on the use of this technology by companies. The law is not expected to come into force until 2026, due to revisions made according to advances in technology, but, according to MIT Technology Review, a publication from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, if the European Union manages to develop and adopt a regulatory framework that establishes the main risks of applying AI and the appropriate limits and checks, this legislation should serve as a model for other countries. After all, according to the publication itself, the field of development and application of AI tools has been a “wild west”, a lawless land. In Brazil, there is also a bill that aims to regulate the development and use of technology. Presented by the President of the Senate, Rodrigo Pacheco (PSD-MG), and prepared by a commission of jurists, PL 2,338/2023 defines certain parameters for supervision and inspection of the use of technology, and establishes the rights for people affected by it.
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